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Smooth output of renewable energy
Renewable energy generation, such as wind power and photovoltaic power, is inherently intermittent and volatile, posing challenges to grid stability; however, energy storage systems can effectively smooth the output curve and mitigate these impacts. Among the available technical solutions, lithium battery energy storage systems, particularly those using lithium iron phosphate batteries, have emerged as the mainstream choice due to their fast response times and high cycle life. For instance, a photovoltaic power station in Qinghai Province has successfully integrated such an energy storage system, enabling smooth power output and significantly enhancing grid stability.
Frequency regulation auxiliary services
The frequency fluctuation of the power system requires rapid adjustment to maintain stability, making energy storage systems an ideal frequency regulation resource due to their millisecond response speed. To address this need, technical solutions such as flywheel energy storage, supercapacitors, and lithium batteries are often combined to deliver high-frequency and short-duration frequency regulation services. For example, an energy storage power station in California, USA, effectively participates in the frequency regulation market, leveraging these technologies to provide critical grid support while generating profits.
Wind and solar power abandonment
When there is excess renewable energy generation, energy storage systems play a crucial role in storing surplus electricity, thereby reducing the phenomenon of wind and solar power abandonment. To address this, large-scale energy storage power stations, such as those utilizing flow batteries and compressed air energy storage, are particularly suitable for long-term and high-capacity storage needs. A notable example is the Zhangjiakou wind-solar-storage-transmission demonstration project, which significantly improves the utilization rate of renewable energy by integrating advanced energy storage systems into its infrastructure.
